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Designing a two-phase glow-in-the-dark pattern on textiles
(Textile and Design Lab and Colab at Auckland University of Technology, 2014) Kooroshnia, Marjan
Although many research projects have explored ways of creating light- emitting fabric displays using LEDs, electro-luminescent wires, and optical fibres, fewer research projects have investigated ways of designing glow-in-the-dark surface patterns using photo-luminescent pigments in textile and fashion design. This may be due to a lack of adequate experimental exploration, as well as a lack of documented information with which to guide textile and fashion designers regarding how these pigments can be used to create such patterns. This article reports on findings based on the design properties and potentials of photo-luminescent pigments with regard to textiles. Through practice-based research, a series of design experiments were created which demonstrate ways of understanding and working with photo-luminescent pigments when designing glow-in-the-dark patterns for textiles. Through experimentation with plain and complex motifs, the influence of using photoluminescent pigments on the process of creating of a glow-in-the-dark surface pattern was examined. The results indicated that, since the colours of positive and negative spaces were reversed in dark conditions, it provided an opportunity to create tessellated surface patterns similar to those of patterns created by Maurits Cornelis Escher. Predicting the effect produced by complex printed patterns was not as easy as predicting that produced by plain printed patterns, stressing the need for tools that allowed the designer to simulate and observe the glow-in-the-dark effect before starting to print. A two-phase pattern was then created, with different expressions in daylight and darkness. For this purpose, each colour of textile pigment paste was mixed with a combination of photo-luminescent pigment and binder, and then printed on to the chosen fabric. The effect produced by the mixture in darkness was a gradation of light, like a tone or value halfway between a highlight and a dark shadow and similar to that produced by a printed, glow-in-the-dark halftone. These research experiments provide textile and fashion designers with a textile printing method that allows them to create two-phase glow-in-the-dark patterns with identical forms in daylight and darkness, but with two expressions in each. It also offers recipes for print formulation and documents results, offering a new design resource for textile surface pattern designers to promote creativity in design. In so doing, the article provides fundamental knowledge for the creation of glow-in-the-dark surface patterns on textiles.
Smart textiles as raw materials for design
(Textile and Design Lab and Colab at Auckland University of Technology, 2014) Dumitrescu, Delia; Nilsson, Linnéa; Persson, Anna; Worbin, Linda
Materials fabricate the designed artefact, but they can also play an important role in the design process; as a medium or method used to develop the design. Textiles can, with their soft and flexible properties, be easily transformed and altered in numerous ways; for example, by cutting, folding or printing on the material. This transformative character makes textiles interesting sketching media for surface explorations when designing artefacts. The development of transformable materials; for example, fusible yarns and colour changing pigments, have expanded these inherent transformative qualities of textiles and have opened up the design field of smart textiles. Accordingly, this new material context has created a new area for textile designers to explore, where it is possible to enhance and play with the alterable character of their textiles, and control their transformation through physical manipulation and programming. However, these expanded transformative properties also open up a new task for textile designers; to design "smart textiles as raw materials for design". By this term we mean, textiles that are not finished in their design but that can be developed and enhanced when they take part in a product or space design process. In this article, we explore and start to define what smart textiles as raw materials for design can be, and look at how these materials can come into and add something to another design process. The foundation for this exploration is a number of textile examples from the “Smart Textiles sample collection” and our experiences when developing and designing with them. (The Smart Textiles sample collection is a range of textiles that is designed and produced by the Smart Textile Design Lab, to give students, designers and researchers direct access to different types of smart textiles). The possibilities and limitations of smart textiles as raw materials for design are explored by looking at the textile examples from two perspectives: firstly, by looking at the considerations that come with designing this type of textile design, and secondly by looking at what these transformative textiles can bring to another design process. Each example is analyzed and classified according to what transformable design variables for structure and surface change can be embedded in the textile design, and what design variables this subsequently creates for a design process that uses these materials i.e., describing what type of transformation different examples of smart textiles introduce to the design process/design space; whether the change is reversible or irreversible, and whether the change occurs through physical or through digital manipulation of the material. This article ends with a discussion of how smart textiles in the form of raw materials for design could influence how we design textiles and how we design with textiles. Can transformative materials enrich material explorations in a design process? Can further development and alteration of the material design be introduced or defined by the textile designer? Could smart textiles as raw materials for design open up a stronger connection between the design of textiles and the design of the product or spaces where they will be used?
Metamorphoric fashion: a transformative practice
(Textile and Design Lab and Colab at Auckland University of Technology, 2014) Sgro, Donna
Transformation is embedded in the growth of an organism, while fashion, highly responsive to changing social and physical environments, rides the current of flux like a dreamer wandering through darkness. Through my fashion practice, attempts are made to reflect upon, expand and make possible inroads into the translation of this creative movement, from inspiration to mixed garment and textile outcomes. This involves engaging the imagination of possible futures, new approaches, and unknown outcomes, through mixed material expressions. Translating the life cycle of an organism, which is highly adaptive, evolutionary and responsive, this work forms part of my PhD study, “Metamorphoric Fashion”, being undertaken at RMIT University, Melbourne. Using a practice-led research methodology, which draws upon mixed creative methods, my research attempts to engage with the uncovering of imaginative potentials of fashion and textile processes. The concept of transformation leads this investigation, and initially a study of butterfly metamorphosis was undertaken. This involved “fashion-designer-becoming-lepidopterist”, and engaged a movement between the ordinarily disparate worlds of ecology and creative practice. Using mediums of photography and drawing, a series of transitions were recorded in which the organism underwent both transitional and metamorphic change. Through these methods, meditations on relationships between nature-culture become possible, as thinking about ecology enters the creative process. Through drawing, a series of stylizations developed which recorded the imaginative thinking time, line by line. My particular fashion practice is in the process of transformation and diversification, reflecting the nature of the metamorphic phenomenon, and the particular interpretations of the butterfly study that an individual approach enables. Aiming to uncover the ways in which the practice is able to accommodate these transformations, forms part of this study. Why this might be important for fashion practice more generally perhaps, is because it identifies a type of practice that attempts to evolve itself, to become something it does not yet know. The research aims to capture this state of becoming, and the perpetual sense of movement.
Reflections on Artificial Intelligence – A Hermeneutic Journey
(ACIS, 2014) Motamarri, Saradhi
Science, engineering and technology have been moulding and placing an ever increasing pressure on society and in turn, on life styles. The inquisitive nature of man has led to the amazing development of computer. In just four decades the computer has changed its role from a mere data cruncher to decision aid. A reading of the Artificial Intelligence, 17 (1-3), January, 1991, Special Volume on Foundations of AI, has motivated me to transcribe some of my long persistent feelings in writing. Loose usage and blown up speculations may bring discredit to concepts. Not founded on the characteristic behaviour of computer and its numerical instability, I fear that the same thing has happened to computers and to the associated fields of study. The purpose of this autoethnographic article is to reflect on the lessons learnt from AI and search for a right perspective for research and practice.
Writing on the transformative and imaginary body
(Textile and Design Lab and Colab at Auckland University of Technology, 2014) Ha, Winnie
"Unable to sense any articulation in your palms and fingers, you realise your arms are now stumps, rounded off where the elbows would have been. All you can feel is clammy, thin film, like loosely stretched latex. You are entirely covered in a milky coalescence forming a semi-translucent, membrane-like film. This new skin stretches over an engorged blob enclosing you like a wrinkly, half-deflated water balloon. Laying there immobilised you think of those whole headless chickens with their appendages neatly tucked under plump bodies, wrapped in plastic bags and sitting in a supermarket cool room along with countless others, their identity registered on barcode stickers, their value calculated in weight." (Ha Mitford, 2012) This article discusses the potential for the literary imagination to extend conceptual and imagistic possibilities of the body in fashion. It posits that writing, as an act of creative production and an expressive tool, can initiate ideation of bodies that are as yet unknown – as potentialities. The narrative form and linguistic devices of metaphor, analogy, allusion and projection are used to draw forth, shape and carry the body from the imaginary (concept or idea) into readable form. The transformative body performs as the subject of imagination, the protagonist in the narrative. It also performs as the agent mediating between the actual and imaginary, who, in this context, relates to both the author (me) and reader (you). This article discusses the author’s writing practice that focuses on “writing the imaginary, embodied and performative.” The intent of the practice is to produce affective sketches of imaginative forays into and beyond one’s own body, coalescing into performative self narratives as well as fictions. "You gasp, in wonder, as you contemplate the forces of collision, disintegration and reconstitution at work. You sense an anticipation growing in you that is so achingly pure – because you expect nothing in return. All you want to know is what would become of you when the transformation is complete." (Ha Mitford, 2012) This article connects Joanne Entwistle’s emphasis on dress as embodied practice, the phenomenological approach of Gaston Bachelard, especially his writings on the poetics of the creative imagination, and the concept of ekphrasis (specifically the use of verbal art to engage a visual one) put forth by literary critics and authors Michael Clune and Ben Lerner. The discussion weaves through a piece of prose fiction entitled Falling which alludes to some of the concepts in this article. Produced as part of the author’s PhD research practice, Falling presents an alternative, narrativebased approach to account for the poetics of fashion, using the transformable/transformative body as the site and subject. The narrative centres on a body undergoing a process of extreme physical transformation, metaphorically referring to the continual disintegration and reconstitution of the self, at the verge of fashion, where fashion is understood, conceptually, as the aesthetic expression of ideas and sensibilities to do with contemporariness and progress (Lehmann, 2000, p. xii), and how this implicates the self. The article mediates literary experiences of what the body could potentially be, and suggests the capacity of writing to account for fashion as an embodied practice and lived experience. Falling performs the propositions put forward in this presentation – to enact, through writing, processes of bodily transformation that drive fashion, stressing the fundamental role of imagination, and the performativity of language in understanding the transformative agency of fashion.
Using social media as a toolkit for co-creation when designing fashion with communities
(Textile and Design Lab and Colab at Auckland University of Technology, 2014) Lapolla, Kendra
This research introduces a transformational strategy for using social media as an access point to engage a wider community in the co-creation of fashion design. Past research in co-creative fashion has examined participatory opportunities through mass customization and crowdsourcing, but has undervalued the source of “user-generated content” from social media as an initiative in co-creative fashion design. This usergenerated content on social media platforms can be used as a co-creative toolkit to encourage active engagement in the beginning of the fashion design process. Cocreative toolkits are used to invite non-designers into the beginning of the design process and allow further creativity to trigger different feelings, emotions and desires (Sanders & William, 2001). This approach provides more than mere product selection and customization. Otto von Busch (2008, p. 32) states: Perhaps there can be forms of fashion participation, beyond mere choosing, in which we can create our own parallel but symbiotic arenas and practices. This does not mean becoming the new dictators of a new microculture, but instead of being able to experiment with radically participatory forms of fashion. This research explores a new approach for participatory fashion by addressing the question, how can social media be used to engage communities throughout the entire fashion design process? Through examination of a case study, new strategies illustrate how social media can be used for co-creation in the fashion design process. This case study employs Pinterest.com as a co-creative toolkit for a small community of young urban professionals to virtually pin inspirational ideas that inform designers throughout the design process. Designs are added to the website where the community is further able to add input. The ability for these co-creators to post inspiration, thoughts and ideas initiates a creative conversation with the designer. Further, this open dialogue continues when the co-creators eagerly “like” and comment on previous posts. This provokes a fluid visual and verbal discussion that allows for more globally accessible co-creation over time. Unlike other co-creative toolkits used in a timed session, these co-creators are guided by their own desire to contribute when and where they want. When social media is used this way as a toolkit for co-creation, communities are invited to not only be involved in the design process but also to have greater influence over the final designs.
Constructing the Cultural Repertoire in a Natural Disaster: The Role of Social Media in the Thailand Flood of 2011
(ACIS, 2014) Mao, Mao; Pan, Shan-Ling; Hackney, Ray; Ractham, Peter; Kaewkitipong, Laddawan
In 2011, Thailand witnessed its worst flooding catastrophe in half a century. In this study, we explored social media as a new and promising weapon to address the physical and morale challenges caused by the natural disaster. A case study was conducted in the context of crisis response, which investigated the use of social media to contribute to the collective cultural repertoire during the natural disaster. By investigating two paths toward the cultural repertoire construction considering different social groups, this study also identified the roles of social media as an information market and an information threshold in the crisis response.
Handheld Wireless Devices and Opinions of Physicians in Healthcare Environment: A case of Pakistan
(ACIS, 2014) Halliwell, Matthew; Freeman, Mark
This paper examines the role of wireless handheld devices in the Pakistani healthcare environment using a quantitative approach. This study identifies a list of barriers and drivers, and a factor analysis of the qualitative data identifies that key determinants such as “technology management”, data management”, “improved outcome”, “efficiency”, and “application limitations” were concerned with the usage of wireless handheld devices in the Pakistani healthcare environment. The results of the study are further analysed through regression analysis, on the basis of factor analysis. The results for the regression analysis indicate that for the dependent factor “intention to use” with independent factors, “technology management”, data management”, “improved outcomes”, “efficiency”, and “software applications” the value for the adjusted r-square was 0.524 and p value was 0.00. A total of 300 surveys were distributed, 97 useable surveys were returned, and the data was analysed through the SPSS software.
Social Media Use and Senior Citizen’s Life Satisfaction
(ACIS, 2014) Ractham, Peter; Techatassanasoontorn, Angsana
Social media is increasingly playing a pivotal role in people’s lives. This study explores how senior citizens use social media applications and the implications of this use on their overall satisfaction with life. First, a two-step Q-sorting method was used to develop rich measures of social media use experience and their relation to life domains. We identified 44 items in ten life domains from 24 focus group interviews in 20 Thai provinces. Next, we collected survey data from 341 senior citizens over 60 years old to evaluate the influence of satisfaction from social media use experiences on their domain life satisfaction and overall life satisfaction. The findings suggest that the top ten social media use activities fall into family, health, leisure, consumer, self, and friend domains. The PLS-SEM results show that social media use satisfaction shapes life satisfaction across ten domains. Path coefficients from five life domains have positive and significant effects on overall life satisfaction. These five salient domains are the community, consumer, family, health, and work domains.
Appreciating, Measuring and Incentivising Discipline Diversity: Meaningful Indicators of Collaboration in Research
(ACIS, 2014) Hasan, Helen; Dawson, Linda
Inter-disciplinary collaborative research is generally believed to lead to innovative outcomes in areas that may be missed in research studies based in a single discipline. However, currently available research performance indicators, based on scholarly peer-reviewed publications and citations from a single discipline, do little to recognise the merits of collaborative and inter-disciplinary research. This paper presents an empirical study of members of a research unit and their publication and grant profiles. From analysis of this data a set of profile categories emerged together with the relevant indicators which provide a framework from which a deeper understanding of how different research behaviours contribute to the differences in researchers’ individual profiles. These profiles could be used to provide a richer environment for the evaluation of research performance, both in terms of outputs and potential funding opportunities, and indicators of ‘good research’ in inter-disciplinary projects.
Transformative textiles: integrating material and information in the design of sonified textiles
(Textile and Design Lab and Colab at Auckland University of Technology, 2014) Alexander, Charlotte
Digital technologies are now deeply embedded in our everyday lives, becoming seamlessly integrated with objects and materials that we engage with routinely. Digital information is no longer confined to screens as “painted bits”, but is spilling into our environments creating a seamless extension of the physical affordances of objects into the digital domain. This seamless integration is enabling information to be explored through new modes of interaction, utilizing interactive materials that can be manipulated, accessed, and programmed. The progressive, ubiquitous nature of computing is creating a need to re-evaluate the ways in which new technological emergences affect how we relate to and understand the world around us. A key area of material technologies development contributing to this seamlessness is “interactive textiles”, also known as smart textiles or “e-textiles”. These materials are the amalgamation of digital technologies and textiles, allowing materials the ability to sense, react, and display. This utilization of digital media within our materiality is producing textiles that are no longer mute, but are responsive, amplified through a number of outputs, including light and sound. This transformation of materials from passive to responsive is being driven by the informational capacity of embedded technologies. Küchler (2008) describes e-textiles as existing not simply as material but also informational. This material-informational duality highlights a need to understand the way in which we relate to material in our changing technological world, and a closer consideration of our “dual citizenships” between our physical (material) and digital (informational) spaces. Through a practice-led investigation, utilizing the processes of the creation, prototyping and performance of sonified textiles, this paper presents current research into the relationship between textile as material and information and the way in which these dimensions may be aligned successfully through design. It also draws on key theoretical texts and the work of other designers. Considering closely this transformation of textiles, this investigation intends to understand the evolving relationship between material and information; the physical and the digital.
Sharing benefits through knowledge management: A knowledge-based approach to integrated trans-boundary river basin management
(ACIS, 2014) Aarons, Jeremy; Linger, Henry; McShane, Paul
Where river basins are shared between competing nations, how do we build cooperative and collaborative management approaches based on sound evidence so that the benefits that come from those water resources are shared equitably? This paper comes at this question from an IS perspective, adopting a knowledge based view on the information challenges associated with benefit sharing in trans-boundary river basins. Utilising the task-based knowledge management (TbKM) approach adapted to the context of integrated water resource management (IWRM) and guided by key literature on IWRM and benefit sharing we present a knowledge management (KM) framework for supporting effective decision making amongst key stakeholders engaged in river basin management.
Educational Scaffolding for Students Stuck in a Virtual World
(ACIS, 2014) Villarica, Ryan; Richards, Deborah
Virtual worlds provide students with educational opportunities to explore and have experiences that are difficult to provide in reality. However, ensuring that students stay motivated and on task is important if the learning goals are to be achieved. Building on the findings of previous studies involving agent-based virtual worlds, adaptive collaborative learning and intelligent agents, we have designed an empathic intelligent virtual agent that provides educational scaffolding to encourage and support the students to understand what they are learning with less frustration. We have identified models of ‘stuck’ behaviour and corresponding empathic response patterns that we have incorporated into the behaviours of the intelligent virtual agents in the XXX Virtual World for science inquiry.
An exploration on the New Zealand use of technology to facilitate logistics
(ACIS, 2014) Wood, Lincoln C; Wood, Allyson; Reiners, Torsten; Duong, Linh Nguyen Khanh; Wang, Xiaowei
This paper summarises a survey to understand the current state of adoption and use of Logistics Technology, encompassing both information technology and materials handling technologies, in New Zealand. An exploratory survey was distributed to appropriate firms. We present descriptive statistics relating to the reasons for adopting the technologies, the drivers for adoption, metrics used to establish whether the technology has increased value, and the education and training provided relating to these technologies. We find that inter-firm technology and measurement is uncommon, Followers are still likely to be implementing transactional and internally integrative technologies, Leaders are more likely to be planning to implement materials handling technologies and are more sophisticated in their educational and training programmes.
Correction of Data-flow Errors in Workflows
(ACIS, 2014) Sharma, Divya; Pinjala, Srujana; Sen, Anup K
When a workflow is designed, not only should it be free from control-flow errors like deadlocks and lack of synchronization, but should also be checked for data-flow correctness. Recent approaches have categorized data-flow errors and have suggested methods for detecting data-flow errors but only a few approaches have been reported yet on the automatic correction of data-flow errors. In this paper, we present methods and related issues for correcting data-flow errors in workflows. The methods can be incorporated in existing commercial Workflow Management Systems to make the software an intelligent system which will not only detect the data-flow errors, but also automatically suggest to the designer possible ways to correct the data-flow errors.
Strategy Design for Service Engagement Model Transformation
(ACIS, 2014) Rai, Veerendra Kumar; Mehta, Sanjit; Puvvala, Abhinay
Service provisioning models underlying service engagements evolve and change as a result of changes in business imperatives. This paper presents a system oriented simulation based framework to handle service engagement model transformation. This framework generates myriad of strategy levers for portfolio managers to choose from in order to handle model transformations. The simulation model along with other components in the framework offers a basis for designing strategy to enable an engagement model transformation by evaluating the impact of each lever on the overall costs, risks and values. The framework has also been illustrated with the help of a case study on engagement model transformation. We believe this study could be of immense value to managers of IT outsourcing firms who are faced with the challenge of handling long term projects that are prone to undergo transformations.
Main requirements of a Health and Wellbeing Platform: findings from four focus group discussions
(ACIS, 2014) Keijzer-Broers, Wally; Nikayin, Fatemeh; De Reuver, Mark
Supporting the ageing population is a worldwide challenge as it causes a huge tension on societies, regarding to healthcare budgets, resources, pensions and social security systems. To support people ‘age in place’ we propose a digital matchmaking platform for health and wellbeing. Nevertheless, what should be the main purpose of such a platform is unclear. In this paper, we present the main requirements of a health and wellbeing platform based on four focus group discussions with 28 stakeholders and potential end-users. The findings show that the young elderly (55 - 75) can be considered as the main target group. Accordingly, we found that the most beneficial requirements are related to: contact with others, matchmaking for smart living products and services, and information about local activities. Our research adds design knowledge to digital platform literature and exposes the main requirements of a health and wellbeing platform, which are of value for practitioners in the field.
Cloud Computing and ERP: A Framework of Promises and Challenges
(ACIS, 2014) Zhong, Fengze; Rohde, Max Erik
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems are an integral component of IT infrastructure in many organizations. A recent trend for ERP is the shift from on-premises infrastructure to the cloud environment through utilization of cloud computing technologies. The characteristics of cloud computing induces many promises to cloud-based ERP systems - making ‘Cloud ERP’ a favourable alternative to on-premises ERP systems. However, moving ERP systems into the cloud also presents many challenges. This paper aims to evaluate the promises and challenges of cloud-based ERP systems from a review of the literature and propose a framework to be of utility for IT executives and researchers to assess the key promises and challenges of cloud environments for ERP systems. The contribution of this paper is threefold. First, we identify a set of key promises and challenges to help IT decision makers and researcher to gain a better understanding of cloud computing and ERP. Second, our framework identifies four dimensions of cloud ERP to be assessed: Efficiency, Flexibility, Ubiquity, and Security. We propose that all these dimensions encompass promises and challenges to varying degrees. Third, we propose research opportunities for IS researchers in the domain of cloud-based ERP systems based on the identified four dimensions.
Exploration and Exploitation as Knowledge Management Strategic Approaches in Saudi Arabian SMEs
(ACIS, 2014) Azyabi, Naief; Fisher, Julie
This paper reports on a study of Saudi Arabian SMEs capabilities towards exploration and exploitation with respect to knowledge management (KM), in particular the association between the business strategic approach and decisions on exploration and exploitation. The Miles and Snow typology (prospectors, defenders and analysers) was used to investigate the business strategic approach. The study used a mixed methods approach involving a survey and interviews. The research found that the exploitation orientation was dominant among SMEs for many reasons including their focus on day-to-day activities and their limited resources which often prevented them from exploring new knowledge or applying new ideas. The decisions on exploration and exploitation were affected by knowledge sources and the breadth of the knowledge base. SMEs with a narrow knowledge base were unable to absorb external knowledge and apply it within their organisation. The outcomes of the research provides further insights into SMEs’ KM strategies.
The Impact of Self-Determination on the Information-Stopping Behavior of Professionals: An Exploratory Study in the Software Industry
(ACIS, 2014) von der Trenck, Aliona; Neben, Tillmann; Heinzl, Armin
Online search has become an important part of professional and daily life. With an endless amount of information available, terminating the search when sufficient information is gathered is critical for managing decision-making. So far, research has analyzed cognitive influences: how people process information and how their mental models influence stopping. However, little is known about motivational influences arising from individual desires, preferences, or incentives. In this research-in-progress paper, we consider the role of motivation on stopping behavior. Drawing on self-determination theory, we develop a structure of motivation, propose its influence on stopping behavior, and conduct exploratory case studies on an individual level in the software industry. Our results show that a more self-determined motivation results in a more intensive and longer information search – that is, in later stopping. This finding is the first step toward the development of motivational stopping rules.

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