Faculty of Culture and Society
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The Faculty of Culture and Society is comprised of the School of Hospitality and Tourism, the School of Education, the School of Language and Culture and the School of Social Sciences and Public Policy, as well as three research institutes:
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Browsing Faculty of Culture and Society by Subject "1506 Tourism"
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- ItemA Review of Research into Tourism Work and Employment: Launching the Annals of Tourism Research Curated Collection on Tourism Work and Employment(Elsevier BV, 2023-05) Ladkin, Adele; Mooney, Shelagh; Solnet, David; Baum, Tom; Robinson, Richard; Yan, Hongmin
- ItemAdvancing a Social Justice-Orientated Agenda Through Research: A Review of Refugee-Related Research in Tourism(Taylor and Francis Group, 2023-04-13) Bazrafshan, S; McIntosh, Alison Jane; Cockburn-Wootten, CScholars have called for more critical considerations of social justice and tourism that align with the tenets, values, and practices for sustainability, transformation, and social change. The aim of this research was to map and critically assess the status of refugee-related research in tourism, particularly with regards to the extent to which it adopts, or extends, a social justice-oriented agenda. A systematic literature review of existing studies was conducted. Content analysis assessed three aspects of 37 studies, namely, (1) the topics covered, (2) the extent to which the research aligns with social justice research practices, and (3) the extent to which the research furthers the social justice agenda for transformation. The review revealed a body of work that does not demonstrate social justice research practices; mostly because the refugee-related research topics of focus do not exhibit a social justice-oriented agenda. Our review illustrated that existing tourism research tends to frame refugees negatively and as a threat to destinations, and neglect critical considerations of epistemologies, reflexivity, and research processes. We conclude by highlighting alternative approaches that could contribute to a social justice-oriented agenda, using tourism as a bridge for creating change within structures, discourses, and practices in refugee-related research.
- ItemAdvancing Critico-Relational Inquiry: Is Tourism Studies Ready for a Relational Turn?(Taylor and Francis Group, 2023-05-10) Pernecky, TomasThis paper advances relational thought in tourism studies as a means for facilitating greater scrutiny of the relational matrices that have rendered possible the continuity of unjust, oppressive, and discriminatory relational patterns, particularly when these become detrimental to individuals, communities, other species, and the environment. Amid the growing determination to build more ethical, just, and sustainable futures, it contemplates whether critical scholarship has arrived at a relational turning point, whereby certain manifestations of tourism are increasingly deemed undesirable and problematic, and that transformation is needed in areas such as unsustainable growth, persistent colonial domination and racial conditioning, continued disregard for the environment, ongoing gender inequality and gender violence, and enduring injustices. The paper explains how relationality is interconnected with sustainability and critical scholarship and outlines the premise of critico-relational inquiry in the field. New conceptual vocabulary is offered to emphasise the critical vitality that can be injected into the examination of relations including: relational programming, relational reprogramming, relational hacking, meta-relational concerns, and relational thriving. Critico-relational inquiry is delineated as a viable strategy for transitioning towards sustainable alternatives, and as an integral part of future sustainability cum critical studies.
- ItemExploring the Intersection of Children and Food in Tourism and Hospitality(Sage, 2024-06-11) Buczkowska, Karolina; Schänzel, HeikeThe purpose of the article, which takes the form of a bibliometric scoping analysis, is to expand the discourse of children’s position in tourism and hospitality scholarship from a food perspective and to highlight the emergent nature of research focused on the important and changing role food plays for children when they travel. The Extension for Scoping Reviews’ approach (PRISMA-ScR) was applied to identify suitable articles which resulted in six theoretical and empirical themes on the intersection of children and food in tourism and hospitality undertaken by researchers in a time frame of 25 years. The original contribution of this article lies in delineating a future research agenda and recommending a child-inclusive approach to academic scholarship as part of a broader social justice and childism agenda.
- ItemHow Does the Career Commitment of Hospitality Employees Change Across Career Stages? A Multilevel Investigation Into Occupational Self-Efficacy and Family Support(Elsevier BV, 2024-04-17) Zhu, Dan; Kim, Peter B; Milne, Simon; Park, In-JoThis study examined how and why hospitality employees’ occupational self-efficacy and family support influence their career commitment over time. Longitudinal data was collected from 310 hospitality employees at three different points of time, with a three-month lag between them, exploring the differences in the employees’ career commitment growth trajectories between early and mid-to-late career. Results from growth modeling revealed that career commitment declines over time for early-career employees but increases for their mid-to-late career counterparts. The findings also indicated that organizational commitment mediates the relationships of career commitment with occupational self-efficacy and family support at both between- and within-person levels. Furthermore, time-varying effect analysis captured significant changes in the magnitude of antecedents over time across the different career stages. Implications drawn from the findings are discussed for both hospitality researchers and practitioners.
- ItemIntellectual Disability and Care During Travel(Elsevier Masson, 2023-12-07) Gillovic, Brielle; McIntosh, Alison; Cockburn-Wootten, Cheryl; Darcy, SimonThis phenomenological study unveils the lived experiences of care during travel of carers and the adults with intellectual disabilities they care for. In-depth interviews unveiled the unique nuances and complexities of giving care to those who are otherwise unable to travel independently. Their care experiences were characterised by emotional entanglements of ‘giving’, ‘attunement’, and ‘performance’, which span personal, relational, and social caring spheres. The findings shine a light on intellectual disability as a complex and marginalised identity, and one that disrupts the generalised notion of travel as an independent activity. Our conclusions validate care as both a practice and an ethic that is amplified, negotiated, and mediated within a tourism context, and offer new directions for accessible tourism research.
- ItemKinmaking: Toward More-Than-Tourism (Studies)(Taylor and Francis Group, 2023) Pernecky, TomasThe field of tourism studies has entered an epoch of manifold vulnerabilities, a period in which the academic community will have to respond to the environmental and planetary crises and consider the wellbeing of not just humans but also nonhumans and multispecies. In these momentous times, it is imperative not to overlook tourism studies’ ontological, epistemological, and axiological vulnerabilities and to survey the potential viabilities. Although the blossoming criticalities in the field have greatly fuelled the urgency to correct, rectify, and recalibrate existing relational arrangements and replace these by more sustainable, just, and inclusive visions for/versions of tourism, there is still a pressing need for more conceptually, theoretically, and philosophically malleable architecture. Inspired by Donna Haraway’s scholarship on broader planetary matters, this contribution offers ‘kinmaking’ as a critico-creative, disruptive space and fitting thoughtscape for transitioning into more-than-tourism (studies). Among the key ideas covered in this paper are the dangers of epistemocentricism, the necessity for sympoietic approaches, the rise of postdisciplinary and posthuman acumen, and the overall ripeness of tourism studies to become a domain of critical relationalities.
- ItemMobilizing Relational Ontology: Meeting the Pluriversal Challenge in Tourism Studies(Informa UK Limited, 2023-11-14) Pernecky, TomasPhilosophical and theoretical research on tourism is ever more pertinent in an age of increased uncertainty, manifold vulnerabilities, and determination to promote justice, fairness, and equality. The pluriversal challenge facing tourism and tourism studies, that is, the necessity for polycentric, inclusive, and equitably participatory being, doing, and knowing, suggests that these transitional times require an ontology that can assist with understanding the entangled complexities of being and becoming vis-à-vis tourism. Relational ontology is thus presented as a crucial lens for comprehending the ethical, environmental, political, social, cultural, and spiritual potentialities that emerge uniquely through tourism as relationalities. This paper argues that relational ontology not only accommodates but also discloses pluriversality and the ontological multiple, and that it can facilitate not universal but relational understandings, which can coexist, enrich, and promote human flourishing through tourism.
- ItemOn the Gender Imperative in Tourism Geographies Research(Taylor and Francis Group, 2023-12-08) Yang, Elaine Chiao Ling; Schänzel, HeikeThis discussion provides a critical review of gender issues in tourism geographies. It maps historical and contemporary developments and provides a future research agenda that suggests moving beyond binary and Western gender discourses.
- ItemPhenomenology of Leisure Travel following Death of a Loved One(Taylor and Francis Group, 2023-12-01) Ramanayake, Uditha; McIntosh, Alison Jane; Cockburn-Wootten, CherylThis paper advances knowledge around the intersection of death, loss, and leisure travel. Our phenomenological study revealed the lived experiences of seven senior travelers who had traveled internationally following the death of a loved one(s). We employed the ‘MeBox’ method to help uncover new layers of meaning that are not always easy to put into words. The findings of our study provide new insights into notions of leisure by identifying overseas leisure travel within a liminal space in which feelings of loss and acceptance, and the creation of new perspectives, are experienced following the death of a loved one(s). Our findings challenge the destructive nature of human loss following death of a loved one(s). Instead, the experience of international travel appeared to influence the social, material, and existential life of senior travelers after the death of a loved one(s), transforming leisure into a personally meaningful experience for them.
- ItemSpiritual Tourism, Spiritual Tourists and Religions: The Nexus Between Authenticity and Commodification(Routledge, 2024-05-31) Samarathunga, Manoj; Schänzel, Heike; Perera, JayalathLack of mental stimulation and the materialisation of contemporary living has led to a growing demand for spiritual travel. Considering the abiding principle of spiritual tourism as a type of wellness tourism, similarities between spiritual tourism and the Mandala health model can be observed. This study explores spiritual tourism in Sri Lanka, emphasising its potential as a form of health tourism. Qualitative methods, including interviews with spiritual tourists and spiritual tourism service providers, were employed, underpinned by the Mandala health model. It uncovers that religious motives, cultural and environmental factors, and personal beliefs contribute to spiritual tourism and that Sri Lanka, rich in cultural and natural resources, is poised for spiritual tourism growth. The study emphasises understanding tourists’ motives, behaviour, and the supply side, using the Mandala health model. It identifies a nexus between existential authenticity and commodification, posing challenges for sustainable spiritual tourism development in Sri Lanka.
- ItemThe Antecedents of Employees’ Innovative Behavior in Hospitality and Tourism Contexts: A Meta-Regression Approach(Elsevier BV, 2023-03-28) Zhu, Dan; Lin, Mao-Tang; Thawornlamlert, Pattamol Kanjanakan; Subedi, Sam Bichitra; Kim, Peter BWhile many empirical studies have examined the various factors that influence employee innovative behavior (EIB), there have been few efforts to synthesize previous research to understand how EIB is linked to its antecedents. Based on 125 empirical studies (N = 44,427) in the context of hospitality and tourism, this study used meta-regression to investigate the 30 major antecedents of EIB, as well as the moderating roles played by ‘national culture’ (individualism vs. collectivism), ‘age’ and ‘gender’, on the links between the antecedents and EIB. The results showed that ‘perceived meaningfulness at work’ and ‘work engagement’ were found to have stronger relations with EIB than others, and that ‘national culture’, ‘age’, and ‘gender’, moderated the relations between EIB and several of the antecedents. The theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed for researchers and practitioners alike.
- ItemThe Moments of Truth: A Qualitative Exploration of Service Interactions Between Employees with Disabilities in the Food Service Industry, and Their Customers(Elsevier BV, 2023-09-23) Doan, T; Mooney, S; Kim, PBThis research, using in-depth qualitative interviews, aimed to disentangle the meanings of service interactions perceived by both employees with disabilities (EWDs), and their customers, based on their own experiences. The interviews were conducted with a total of twenty participants including ten EWDs and ten customers from foodservice organizations (e.g., restaurants and cafés) in Vietnam. The findings of the thematic analysis revealed that EWDs perceived service interactions with customers as opportunities to provide services characterized by ‘total attentiveness’, 'impressing customers’, and ‘social connection’, while their customers perceived the interactions as both opportunities for ‘genuine hospitality’, and ‘contributions to social change’. The implications of the findings are important for hospitality researchers and practitioners alike.
- ItemTourism and Final Wish Making: The Discourse of Terminal Illness and Travel(Taylor and Francis Group, 2023-04-24) Willson, G; McIntosh, Alison Jane; Cockburn-Wootten, CThis paper identifies a new discourse about tourism, that of final wish making. The website communications of charitable foundations whose dedicated purpose is to grant final wishes for adults with a terminal illness and their families were examined using critical discourse analysis. Specifically, the aim of this study was to understand how these charitable organisations construct, communicate and mediate meanings around terminal illness and travel for these individuals. Our study found that, promoted as a final wish in one’s life, tourism is framed as a transformational concept that is beneficial in the imminent time before death, as a legacy for life, and after death. Our analysis indicated implications around the memory-making potential of tourism and the differential power relations between final wish organisers and vulnerable individuals with a terminal illness. The paper calls for further research exploring the marginalisation of the terminally ill through tourism, but equally the potential of tourism to include the most vulnerable tourists in their final days.